What is a Computer Network? – Definition from Trenovision

Computer Network

A computer network is an interconnection of autonomous computers.

Benefits:

  • Resource sharing
    • Data sharing: Consistency, Easy updating, Saving of storage space
    • Software sharing: Saving of cost and storage space
    • Peripheral sharing: Saving of cost
  • Electronic communication: Fast, cheap, secure, convenient
  • Reliability and scalability
  • Cost-benefit ratio is better compared to large computers​.

Classification of Computer networks

Based on geographical area:

  • LAN: Local Area Network
    • Typically within a diameter of 2 kms
  • MAN: Metropolitan Area Network
    • Spread across a given city (metro)
  • WAN: Wide Area Network
    • Spans across the world

Classification of Computer networks

Based on transmission technology:

  • Point-to-point Network
    • Message physically flows from one transmitting system to one receiving system.
  • Broadcast Network
    • Message physically flows from one transmitting system to ALL the systems in the network; However, the message may be actually received by one, or many, or all the systems.
  • Based on ownership:
    • Private Network
      • Network owned by an organization and meant for its own internal use.
  • Public Network
    • Network owned by an organization or a group of organizations, but is available for use by anyone willing to pay for the usage.

Data networks, vs Voice networks

Voice Networks

  • Low delay
  • Zero jitter
  • Uniform bandwidth
  • Circuit switched

Data Networks

  • Some Delay and Jitter is acceptable / assumed
  • Variable bandwidth
  • Packet switched
  • Error control mechanisms implemented
  • Quality of Service (QoS) implemented